Credit cards and payday loans can provide short-term
convenience for some people, but consumers’ shift
toward greater debt could have a long-term, negative
impact on the U.S. economy, according to analysts.
The 2004 Survey of Consumer Finances showed that the
percentage of families holding debt rose from more than
72 percent in 1989 to more than 76 percent in 2004. The
median value of the debt more than doubled during that
time, from $22,000 to more than $55,000, according to
research analyst Kristie M. Engemann and economist Michael
T. Owyang in the April issue of The Regional Economist.
Engemann and Owyang noted that 56 percent of American
families in 1989 owned at least one credit card. By 2004,
that figure jumped to almost 75 percent. The authors’ analysis
shows that a higher percentage of single people and renters
now have a credit card, as do workers with less job seniority,
lower incomes and unskilled jobs.
In addition, the analysis indicates that payday loans
have become an increasingly common form of short-term
debt, especially among lower-income households. While
payday loans are designed to lend small amounts of money
for a short time (usually, about two weeks), one report
indicates 90 percent of lenders’ revenue comes
from borrowers who have five or more loans per year,
not one-time borrowers, according to the report.
“This shift toward more debt appears to have long-term
ramifications for the U.S. economy as evidenced by the
growing number of personal bankruptcies over recent decades,” they
wrote.
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